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bVU eauInmga AiigLA on m. iiii*net-'-u u Thoreau on the whole New England group, that a biography bas long seemed essential. And bere it is, ai beautUful book written by a man who loves and admires and understands his subject. The only wondem is that no one bas, heretofore> felt it neces-. sary to do justice to Thoreau who in- spired much, of 'the cultural. expres- sion of America. Although bis place as a philosopher bas betomne more and more important, no anàlysis ofý bis character bas done him justice until noW. Dr. Canby writes this life story on the assumption that a man who wrote witb pas sionail his life must have lived passionately. And sa he examines the journals and Jetters with the-ide e-of=iscovering, his emo- tional experiencéir.-The àtory- falis into two parts: Thoreau's boybood when as a provinci al youtb he rebell- ed against the niaterialism. whicb he saw encroaching on the 111e about tiim, nout of whiclr ase a covition that he must find for himself perfectf integrity. "Walden," the one great book of individual rebellion, was ai resuit of those years. The second]' nart of Thoeau's lifoe. consisting of twelve yeams, proved his niaturity as a writer and bis complete devotiont tnature. Here Mr. Canby showsk that Thoreau was not a naturalistr like Muir or BurroughIs, but was at naturalist devoted to a study of the l relaitionnhiv of rman tn bis environ- - Bertita iarcUng's dual biogra- phy of the last f the Hapsburgs, Kari and Zita of Austria, pub- lished by Bobbs-Merrill company, ia source book for those who wish to clarif y the confused causes of the present struggle. Entitled Imperial Twilight it is the third and last of Mrs. Hardings biographicai series dealing with the rulers of Austria. Her fist, "Phan- tom Crown," deait with Carlota and Maximillian: her second. "Golden by Harvey Grahan-Doubleday, Doran & Co i, N.~ Y. "'This is the best book on surgery 1 have ever read," writes Oliver St. John Gogarty, Irish physician and writer, in bis prefaceý to Harvey Gràham's The . $tory - o Sur gerùJ, publisbed by Doubleday, Doran.. Surgery, according to the author, was. born in a. queer muddle of demonology, tribal ritual and social necessity, but in the earlilest civiliza- tions it developed rapidly into aà lusty infant art. It .is this .develop-, ment that Harvey Graham traces. The opening chapter re enacts* the earliest operation known to man- a neolithic surgeon,, wielding a. razor2 sharp flint,, trepanning the, skull of a suiffering companion in order. to re- lease the devils that were torment- ing hlm. The author explores re- mote sources of modern su-I'gical technique: the practices of blceding, clrcumcision, and, other tribal' muti- lations. He tells the stories of the ~great Greek and Roman r ~geos, and follows the ernergence of sur- gery from the dark ages under the leadership of Roger Frugardi of Sal- erno. Intermingled with the stories of important individuals are accounts of old superstitions and curiosities of medicine, false theories that died hard. Mr. Graham tells of quacks and charlatans, like the famous MaÉy Toft of Goldalming who, in "on Alcott, called that collection o!fihdential n 0p- tcal a~ru ~I napers on whicb he was wàrking at it had to be smuggled out of Europe.. the time of his death. Dr. Canby lays stress on Thoreau's relationship) to various wornen and (I Cwol's Knqdom their influence on his thougbts. One Derek Patmore. whose Invita"io MU S of tbem, Mrs. Lucv Brown, lived in t oianai ubihd yMc M is parents' boarding-house, and he oRimnaspulhebyMc once tbrew a bunch of violets and millFin. ha~sb-epn arwnintp-d war rnr- a poem into ber window. Tbey were respondent for "Exczhange Tele- great friends, and he wrote ber oh" and hln eft Lnndon for LBS ~many letters. better than any f th Bucharest. Illustrated with rnany cast >of wnat the future nolas for surgery, indeed envisions its end exr- c ept in -war and in. accident cases. "Surgery,", the author concludes, "is still the science which deals, with the failures of medicine. One day complete succe-s: wi11 l'e record- ed by physicians and surgeons'alike, and at that moment the surgeon must needs say 'Vale! ' - Harve.y Graham is. the pseudonym. of a fa- Fmous }Tarley Street surgeon who. at times, and at others forced him to to pay poll t&xies, turn to nature for consolation. So we champiQniflg of!J ôwe 'a debt nt gratitude to these study of science.1 dear, dead ladies. deliberate developi Thoreau, dedicated to living &C- is a book long 01 cording ta the. principles hé had laid worth waiting for. agrarian ie cenged as the Yan- kees driftecl to the centers of in- dustry to make their fortunes - years when Yankees were leaving their farmus to- join the armies of the Union. C roc