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His work with brought to him of the country* Send/or Ore f410 Kimball Han a Mo of Piano {ft _' 614 KIM f|04 S. Wabaab *7v«*iM* Chlearso l^trliaiiiBBS rtment of mu- grade, toteillamt betox of .-ti«:*';tiir^-t«B^a:\'tt;:^ Ecem Recitals .Downing, â-  includta â- position*. ^ songs by Mrt. Downing £%;.! *&&& '::M Bass-p«WJ>ne O^TORIG^--c|iPE)W*^ECITALS Th.ArtofSintfiu*^ AUIt»B«nch« tethers to every department or mu- graae, tateuigant oeiftg of the praa- ton«tje li ale for three or four days la equiv* ent-day^sber^cnl^^ lent;to)a'teachers' university for the- ouev':%;'. Z::^Z^M\M-A" ':â-  ii^â- 'â- 'O^tMbt^'^^ time being, and a request to' spes* to; What has been the greenest agent ^«^ ei^en^^ W£.&ttip$vtK'nitr-in.. this thought*!* to^toto/nm^ spirtog atmosphere Is gladly accepted. â- ::'. 'l wouiu'-aay^tn^ As I understand it, these cpnven- it was tte:':gir^ujB^ tionsi constitute an effort toward the of. •self-exprelalo^ Unification of knowledge ana to pro* pressW-cotoe* ,'|^^ vide a. platform from which to present .^enue^orspjs^ ' the, .moat; 4m^fm^: toot •. ;li^bWlti^ a^er^meat>h^|i^^tti(B' tongue;^;";'.' ifficl*vfi>^^ -^jlp; <3ould you^u!^^ mail 8inglngA. ^a i^ it" was us«T W&^:Zioi.' }ti&&'fi&^^ reeding purpoaes; >o chin. wae need-1 sound like thia if I allowed my tongoo ed, sinceswallowing*" was;' the chief! to lie in â- '4::Uw?^ft^:jBI^»l^!^-*i^: '^^0'â-  function -of t^;i!o»g1Se,.. .at a^ â-  r*te^.^ and discuss problems and principle* of value to the furtherance of human knowledge in the musical line. We have each pursued our respec- tive lines of thought and research, and though we represent scattered special' ized knowledge, still the bringing to- â-  gether of this--knowledge bringa^to the consciousness of all the unity of truth. consciousness of all tha uuity^tir^h, ^otio^:;:we^;v.^iy tan***;' tt«^ Our views of truth are manifold bu^^^n^ .truth, itself, does not change. It Is _„_„_.„_ j^«_«»^ «.„„„!,* ,^»i:.itfii.J,^*^k*i!";k»Mi,-^ truth, itself; does not changes It lit quite necessary'that we each preserve 'our .own point of view (if we find it true) but it la also very essential to try to sea, truth from each other's viewpoint. The broader.the view the better (able will we be to help the progress of vocalization. ^*r There is an immense amount of re- search work to be done tin .i^aittdy o* voice, and if each teacher would in- vestigate and record what he finds that la good and true it would conr â€"{-tribute greatly to-a better knowledge of the fundamental principles involved in vpc*? utterance^ ^ tigation and achievement la of no value to humanity. The freedom of procedure which has allowed each vocal teacher to go his own way, not asking, and scarcely caring what bis neighbor is doing, has -brought out the speclaHst's strength, but it has alBo brought the discouraging lack of uni^I For twen- ty years t had worked under this dis- couraging diversity of opinion. Three years ago I determined that this mere heapiUg together of disconnected facta about the voice* was inadequate as a basis for conscientiousvdioe teaching. I gave up my class and went in search of definite principles. For a long time it seemed a hopeless searching, al- though I was fairly steeped in music, visiting teachers, attending concerts, and studying with those I found the moat promising./ All seemed to be teaching the "effect without knowing how to tell the pupil to produce the TeTtalte^Wtr^rTSra^ sired effect. Finally, by tfctf^erest chance I found] Dora Duty Jones, Of whom I haij tieatd^before I left Chi- cago. Her name had been one of a dozen or more, but she not being a vocal teacher, I made no strenuous effort To~lSnT^errunf!r"i~ReallI^lieir name mentioned. I had nojt spoken with her about her work 4it lyric, dic- tion* more than a half hour before t knejvthat she had by far the moat gence came daflnite fought wttb;3ta.|lfooug^ necessity; of expression. This called jcause of the lack In the technique of definite principle in vocal expression that J had found. Needless to say, I gave my undivided attention lo the working out of these principles of Lyric Diction. My search .merely representa the human search for truth; I take it for granted that what I have foimd others have found, or are searching for, and that this truth may be brought more thoroughly to the light t give it* to you today. " 3 The intelligent mind of the twen- tieth century kaowa-^ihSt there la a principle underlying every la*; it follows, therefore/that there is a prin- ciple underlying vocal utterance. To sing and speak and have no idea as hfl beittst equally w» mcm«»«««- «~ i^«*d mouth playeVthe painter, th* ^f^ ^ STnS^ery lit** worker who acnleve* but knows net **• *â-  how the work is done. An Arabian proverb fits in nere so wejil that I will tell it td you. "He who knowa not and knows not that he knows not. he Is a fool, pity him. -Z.Z..ZZZ<~, â-  ".-â-  v/V';/"-;;'â- ;.,.. .;.,' "He Who knows not andknttwe that bilttr 'He who knows, and knows not that he knows, be is asleep, wait* Jain*. •He who knowa and Imows that Ha knows, he la wise, fotfew him/' ,.,;* In other words, it Is the n#axeness: el conwiduanass, or4he consciousness of consciousness that makes ft* the highest lntetpwnce, s k:, ^ : Intelligence i»*eveaJed through e - preesion and speech'.4* our nfot com- prehensive gift to this ifce. Tha greater the eonsdMiamei* tih* jtf^lf.: the need of "seU"HsipresjJ^ -^'3^ * I have InwghMrttlt me*lBlt»pUi» of a picture taken:tnM tha Chicago Awwtts«;^:;:<':i I^SifSli MSifâ- â- ,. 7M |^-lte«ds{: "'W'*|s»*1ii^li^'PS- ground 'repreaenU the taneral ao- peerance of prehistoric maa of four fc«B4f^**»wasma':;'#^ foV";fflb^tP^#%^?^8ue 'activity which iu^iurB evotv^l: a stronger «hih foun|iltoii ;^oMM^ # â-  :.actp£ reacha*,out|l|^^;^:;^ >*f v-jg^, Wm"Mv*;'p>ttt^»j«f' the tongue re- vealing the poasibitlttes of muscular mOv'em^iVfainld-v^ alto, what so many of :ua'h«$lvittever known or have 'km^0^W>^'^ *<*& & ^ speech, ,,,........^,............. A Tim may aU seem to^-extreote but rli iwh'u^e^g^fjal^iste been woefully neglected. How man? people do you-know who, apeak teaUy â- ; Wp^hinlt;.; :i^;'^^|*e;:;|iligpe| ;^^^;.:of'iVowe^van^^ know words and their meaning; we main" body^of.^t^tt>: muscle gWiwa ^^^ijpi^m^ out of the chin, not out of the throat, we have jfeai fed^to belieVa; This fin a tiash, reVettlp'^causTil^rem;; edy-'-for'^^maixy^ cpro^iiwi of voica that; kave baffled!â- '•.»• JNtoro. The root of the ton^emus^'^ course, s^ip|iort all wjUvlt^dlliB^ fote^knowm«r'*::ii?l^ to ijke .tu'tne cliin we consciously allow all activity necessary to eloquent speech and song â- wUj^^S§^i4 :*$*. »"»* o/ th4 throafe wldolfc-uudar^ these ciiv cumsiances adjiwrti ChemBelvaa auto- matically to the best tonal condition. aha:; ,Jts:} iitera^ult f i^a| p^'^|||i| :ktt^*^lev^rai>-ira^ <~ ..... not linow the^technique o' •Wwen-l'^S^JJ^* •foicencU^ttrefn^Kn^ myatery-"iacmiae ^:^ 'that;':^o.;iey";W::h^utif^ the powert^^^ia^^^^^^- -«E, definite laws aidv:>usa::,:deflhJfta^tOo^ The singer alone of all artists follows no denntte law and almost denies his speech iuat as •, wef wotthl. -study ^'the Co^ld'thte obtaJiivjonaer tha^iataate*:: '$gjt$i^ ide» of the tong^loot bains; txL\i$k throat? titob fliasBsiisil" ls)sks«B*i*sr :.'•«M1*',â- : Ity and hecesaary relaxaUon becomes antagonistic immediately. Under this regime the tongne has been ahackled and forced:'M ttfirV^'-te,.tto'-4ioa|ik- until all poj*ei|uf?|^«ful:'««avlty-.to lost^.,-: ' ••'.' : , ,^i,!";:;; v/">r; The tool of *ioS intellect la the tongue; therefoM iirfudntain that the tongue has beettthl chief factor to the change that ha^ to these two reaemblluTOeB. one of pre- ^toric man aind ^^other the Intel' 'Nalime "hM:\prii0mme:"tol^gae with a compW equlhSBiiit of muaelea capabioiof the mOB#^nderiui per* formances, and beih«^ immediately connected with the iar#x it acta oo- operatively witii tt^v speech anft 'i^m7Z^m^"^^^im^s* -«l-:;th* tongue â- " .are â-  â-  ^voiuia||Np;" «»d. the muscles ^:t^1U^^i^9- involun- tery> trhat more i^eaaoni^ than but that the tongue Ug the m*nf««*ble_________ iigenT^6^%wectt^#alfd^B--^^ tongue do when you l|y Clock, cloud, hurm temgue? ^r %c The tottgue has been active in thf performance of these aounda fOTOjany years, yet pi*sstaitf!uTe*mH#*^ and sing a^.;ydultaa^::tJ»ev"ito's^';t« :pli^^;^mvth*:;>«a#:;tra^ fln^rit m* :,^^i^^,^shouia-"we;:«4p«## to Uain the^,to»ftt»*.;"..Tia .'ear:^mHjr and does t|«dge ^ne e»a^ but It eaJS- not Inform as to the modus operandi. The sense of movement guides the njrtels;; .^ZmijiiiiL, sense ;fttW«a::'i.fS* t^sj»e,;^|,;$^>^^C'^.^;::' v.^:,.;.,; j^|gjg| jiw.; Conscious direction of the ^correct movemenU of the tOTgue,is>^fef|g| datton of.. W0.:ej»reiSiott>3||g^ ^ear-â€""and the tongue of the duroh shall sing." *##: have had the key ail taete years but were forbidden to uae tt, for fear it nould act up. No W0J|4eÂ¥ it has acted un. Wouldn't the ehiet â-  aetbr-.^tt--my play -*iet:^:#i|. noreditn thisâ- â- \iiri^;^;Hii«^.J!l#,l**>: the tongtt^:';Vwi^'"fw<m»<^^ and when I sjf &at the tongue ia the chief automatic adjuster of tone fo> tha*^w:|S«o. .not know. •"â- â- "*--â- - â-  How, ac- it is possible just what, the tohgja doee.* then, can we kno*: Mother its tton is efiicient or nbff â-  :iat• song rls: id^i4«#|a»eechr m: it should be, how '&& ^ afBrd to Ig- nore, this strong Zfcmpi the tongue, which is reaJly toti 'vA troublesome Member at All, butSajpiraUy able and therefore willing %il ?te work. n Traait^nally"'ii#f 4»S»!f beea :toM many thtoga; f^ heep the tongue down; ke<sJrJ^e tip at the ,Z«Z2S<*£ iront te^; let U»r|W^i »PJ lower use the lips; raise the palate; tower the palate; -raise the^larynx; #W6r the larynxju stole a»»bDiriily'Jâ- ?' iNJPIv.-â- "«»â-  ,.fon»>; â-  fot> ward; place ti^^^ the face mask; to it<hi ttose; beM#eitt the eyes; at the^p*r«nd X even knew of one teacher who advised the pupila to grind the back teeth to- «He Who knows not andkm»ws that pupila to grind the back teeth to- y<Mir howe do you manage tb^e sun- he knowB not^ he Is ignorant, teach ifethwfcd s^ or do you construct your build u___f:___ â-  â- i..:J' â- 'â- . v,..- condition. :â- 'â- . h iJi â- â- ;"â- .:â- -.â-  in. «, th.f if m» iw<«ln the sun condition. Theae admcnltloUa ?merely repre- sent Vague groupinga for &to effect of free tone d*Uv«(*y,. plus eloquent or exquisite speech. No doubt we have all'taught many of these things in eur searchinga for the truth, of ^i^^l>elilvi.'|w wheh;t|teii ou that the rigWt activity of the part of this desired affect, while at aMIty thajt la wil^imed? of unier smedifl "open mouth" and "eloaed moutli.' ex- rmejii ^uat th;afo *^a«tifui ton* Is supported on thi tongue, wnteh must never:;gro% inis or rigid, but must be flexibly strong and able to *joU- Ic^k^i^ a^tsst itself td the true f$ij& W 4i(^^^':W^^it^^ .vowofto att the delksate yet definite consonant motto*** }-rZZ; Z-t,Z \k vy: The f^ajd|e*toi^prinXJlp^ of totrt- ligence is dlscriminatioa*. The •en«es themselves do not discriminate; they are automatic agents of information and bring alike both agreeable and disagreeable messages, but the dis- criminating intellect searches out tfce desirable toformatten (regatdleas .as *> ^Icl"agent Brought it) atid^nakeB of this a consciousness of knowledge. No eapreasirm rf taowiedga is pofr sible witiurot motion and the more siillful the motion the finer the ex- pression. Skill implies Intelligence directing the movement * ^e> have all been told to keep the toner tm the breath; w^ |Ave beea expected tflTha|(die totte, which is in- tangible, with breath, which is also in- tangible. It you wantr sunshine in ing so that it ma? receive the sun shine? The rtectrician does not deal with eledtrldty but with th* Instru- ments that express it So It ia with tone; make the condition right and beautiful tone will be sure to come. If we knew ail tte^ shades of the vowels and knew definitely just what to do to give eae^ vowat iti true sound, we would lore our language WW1 aiaaawir «*»w â€"sb* '•â- â-  â- -•â€";---------* â€" •v»«*S| â-¼â€¢Â«â€¢ "wm*!* â- Â»'7-'^?".-' "â-  - "â- â- *»-----*» tongue wui bring about the greater better, and to consequence give our rerbal or vocal message without sac- thr same time giving the, singer or rincing word or tone. Do we realise, speaker a definite consciousness of IOr instance, that the vowjbI A has T?Z-M*}: it forms;M^toci O seven; t«V 1. fowf;[;i!^e«^Mghj other circumstancas^ Besulta win come-more quickly because the .path beantltol vowel ai^aaeaf^whoae ^__ revealed in ^yrto^fkiit:to_»ore• .#-|can,jW revealed only *M*«*^a** reet. Juatmtnt of the tongue. Wit find that IcaOy to the Opeaina- or clostog ^he mouth will raqulred by the nnm «K>rdtoattog position tongu*{ Uw ;â-  .â- â- .'-! .:-â- .-. ;fet«;V "'«i ' f«fSf iiia ' ~ ~TJii.^i.-^aSii^,: PO mJLAR CO NCERT . :.::';;.^;*A«d^-8f:s»a^;te'^:'"r..\. 134T FOftTfR AVk.. CHICAGO y& ^9t^M*ttii^i*^r:ZzZ'ZZz definite the tongue the truer the re- siionse of the 'iipji»(:\ 1VV;^.;>";^ Tongue traintag gives the apaaker and" stogerieifltty^to^iB^ ,form.otthe vo"f^(f^ a 'time as ia necessary; for the best delivery *of the thought. ^ tt rives skiu ~suia;..\*«*si^&-^v^ necessary for cons(h*nts. One loams after definite knowledge , hss been gained, to give tBaj correct rorm and action without /sound CartlculaUon without voiced I** l«* tamiv; what I say?.. *$&::ym&9i^frr: 'that| 'you- recognised and that r p««duced the correct. â-  ,niotk^:,::::*#*ouJ»^.:^,. have .underatc^!rl^^ (careless ZZ artleiJat^^|i^o^ Do.you Itoow^ia^hatJ1 ajayts;;Tott:see you did not cntch every word ttiia time htmmtti^Z:mm&tMorgans '.did as little as Dosslhle and that little to sjasenly manner. Note the differ- ence. Do you know what I â- *'?ic*»#ii%tis*i» (Two successive arOculative move- |STyPIB P ments, one careless, tha other care- ful). * "â-  'Z^iifjiP%.; ipp^pii;;-. :--m-:â-  Only those miilciaia who play on man-made Instruments can afford to ignore th« sdence of v«wet forma- tion. Slngfra who Ignore it do to their low, atoet ii to not poaefble to produce a stngl^ vwai ac^ with- out employing soma* vowel a* the (Coattaued io«of iastractofs Wkgaaraataed. fiiilliitiiif riil11gin -if-'ifiilatin WtT 'f11^^^f* -^ ' .......„.^Jp;-tYRIC: 1M me say;M, a^oait •bout ^|^^ «#f #^ 71 Tb« A«sittewteas>i^..Cia«»g«